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61.
Image enhancement algorithms are commonly used to increase the contrast and visual quality of low-dose x-ray images. This paper proposes an automated enhancement method using soft fuzzy sets with a new decision-making scheme based on Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence for the visual interpretation of pneumonia malformation in low-dose x-ray images, called as XEFSDS. The XEFSDS model first generates an original source x-ray image into a complementary image, then each original and complement image is applied to the characterized image object and background areas of fuzzy space. The S-function is utilized to define fuzzy soft sets for the classification of gray level ambiguity in both images, and hence a decision criterion via Dempster-Shafer approach and fuzzy interval has been adapted to discriminate uncertainties on the pixel intensity and the spatial information. Modified membership grade operations have been performed on each object/background area, and Werner’s AND/OR operator (an aggregation operator) has been utilized to build a new membership function from two modified membership functions. Finally, an enhanced image is obtained from the new membership function via defuzzification. Experiments on different pneumonia X-ray images demonstrate that the XEFSDS scheme produces better results than the existing methods. To show the advantages of the XEFSDS scheme, we have executed a segmentation based examination on enhanced image for the detection of pneumonia malformation as well as abnormal lobe (lobar pneumonia) or bronchopneumonia. 相似文献
62.
Photosynthesis is a fundamental process in biosciences and biotechnology that influences profoundly the
research in other disciplines. In this paper, we focus on the characterization of fundamental components, present in
pigment-protein complexes, in terms of their spectroscopic properties such as infrared spectra, nuclear magnetic
resonance, as well as nuclear quadrupole resonance, which are of critical importance for many applications. Such
components include chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls. Based on the density functional theory method, we
calculate the main spectroscopic characteristics of these components for the Fenna-Matthews-Olson light-harvesting
complex, analyze them and compare them with available experimental results. Future outlook is discussed in the
context of current and potential applications of the presented results. 相似文献
63.
Mostafa Dellahi Hattab Maker Guillermo Botella Enrique Alameda-Hernandez Azeddine Mouhsen 《International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications》2020,48(6):887-905
The three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter (SAPF) was developed to suppress the harmonic currents generated by nonlinear loads, and for the compensation of unbalanced nonlinear load currents, reactive power, and the harmonic neutral current. In this work, we consider instantaneous reactive power theory (PQ theory) for reference current identification based on the following two algorithms: the classic low-pass filter (LPF) and the second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) filter. Furthermore, since an important process in SAPF control is the regulation of the DC bus voltage at the capacitor, a new controller based on the Lyapunov function is also proposed. A complete simulation of the resultant active filtering system confirms its validity, which uses the SOGI filter to extract the reference currents from the distorted line currents, compared with the traditional PQ theory based on LPF. In addition, the simulation performed also demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach, for DC bus voltage control based on the Lyapunov function, compared with the traditional proportional-integral (PI) controller. Both novel approaches contribute towards an improvement in the overall performance of the system, which consists of a small rise and settling time, a very low or nonexistent overshoot, and the minimization of the total harmonic distortion (THD). 相似文献
64.
65.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(54):29848-29860
Dynamic contact angle (DCA) is of crucial importance in the numerical investigation of water management problems in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In order to well predict the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the complex flow field in PEMFCs, first, it is very critical to build a robust DCA model that is capable of simulating droplet behaviors on a single surface under various conditions. In our previous research work, an advancing-receding DCA (AR-DCA) model is developed and has been successfully validated against a series of experiments from the available literature for droplet impact on surfaces. In this study, the AR-DCA model is further applied to simulate droplet behaviors on inclined surfaces with different droplet impact velocities, impact angles and viscosities. It is found that the droplet spreading and deformation from the simulations have excellent agreement with those captured in the corresponding experiments. The results also indicate that higher impact velocity and impact angle can facilitate the spreading trend at the droplet trailing edge and have no notable effects on the leading edge. In addition, the increase of droplet viscosity leads to a transition from droplet deposition phenomenon to partial rebound on the surface. 相似文献
66.
铜-配体(L)-三肽组成的三元复合物[Cu(L)M]2+,其中,L表示4′-氯-2,2′:6′,2″-三联吡啶(缩写为4Cl-tpy);M表示酪氨酰-甘氨酰-色氨酸(YGW)及其修饰型三肽(CH3CO-YGW-OCH3,缩写 Ac-YGW-OMe)。使用该复合物,通过碰撞诱导解离 (collision-induced dissociation, CID)产生两种自由基离子 ([YGW]·+和[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+)。采用串联质谱结合密度泛函理论 (density functional theory, DFT)得到气相稳定结构,并研究其气相解离行为。研究结果表明,[YGW]·+和[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+的气相解离行为截然不同,[YGW]·+主要产生[M-CO2-116]+和[M-CO2]·+碎片离子;而[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+在气相中主要产生[M-CH3OH]·+碎片离子。推测这两种离子的气相裂解机理分别为:[YGW]·+羧基上的质子重排到多肽骨架中羰基氧上,经历 Cα-C键的断裂产生[M-CO2]·+、断裂色氨酸侧链 Cβ-Cγ键产生[M-CO2-116]+离子;[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+则先经历质子重排到酯基氧上,然后经过C-O酯键的断裂形成[M-CH3OH]·+离子。参与重排的质子可能有3个来源:Ac-YGW-OMe中甘氨酸的Cα-H、色氨酸的Cα-H 或Cβ-H,该机理有待进一步验证。本研究将为其他类型多肽及衍生物的结构及气相反应机理研究提供参考。 相似文献
67.
Ahlam Ammar Sharif 《建筑学研究前沿(英文版)》2020,9(4):837-857
Urban researchers have maintained a constant interest in the complexity and continuity of urban space usage. Some have applied actor–network theory (ANT) to investigate the heterogeneity of spaces and present them through the networks of their users’ activities. However, these accounts are predominantly limited in examining the extent to which these spaces may be heterogeneous when exploring such networks. This paper draws on recent ANT scholarship, which employs an ethnographic research conducted in a main park in a housing project at Dahiyat Al Hussein in Amman, Jordan. The findings describe the complex and unpredictable negotiations that occur within spaces by documenting the varieties and interrelations among user activity networks within this common and shared urban space. This research reveals the extent to which spaces, parks in this case, may be heterogeneous by unpacking their usage. The conclusions and insights assert the necessity of paying attention to design detail and creating designs that are responsive to evolving user activities. 相似文献
68.
69.
AbstractTransverse vibration of a circular cross sectional micro-rod subjected to a new kind of boundary constraints with elastic torsional springs is presented based on nonlocal elasticity. A nonlocal strengthening beam model is utilized and the effect of temperature changing is taken into consideration. The variational method and Hamilton’s principle are applied to derive the governing equation of motion and corresponding boundary conditions. A higher-order partial differential equation that is a typical characteristic of nonlocal strengthening model is developed, and the boundary conditions contain not only classical conditions but also non-classical higher-order conditions. Unlike previous studies which were only concerned with some conventional boundary constraints, we consider more general boundary conditions named elastic torsional spring supports. Such boundary conditions are between the simply supported and clamped ones, and they are closer to the actual constraints of existing engineering structures. Natural frequencies of micro-rods with new boundary constraints are determined via an eigenvalue method and compared with other results in the literature. It is shown that the nonlocal scale factor, thermal parameter, rigidity parameter and torsional spring coefficient play significant roles in free vibration of micro-rods. The research can provide a reference for a large class of boundary conditions ranging from simply supported to clamped micro-rods. 相似文献
70.
《Contact lens & anterior eye》2020,43(4):338-344
PurposeTo compare the sensitivity of two genotypes of P. aeruginosa to various disinfectant solutions and analyze the attached bacteria on worn cosmetic contact lenses (cosCLs).MethodsIn this prospective study, healthy volunteers wore etafilcon (brown), nelfilcon (gray), or hilafilcon (black) cosCLs and microbial adhesion analysis was performed. A rub-off test determined pigment dislodgement. Disinfectant sensitivity to Optifree Replenish (Alcon), Optifree Pure Moist (Alcon), Renu Fresh (Bausch & Lomb), and AoSept Plus (Ciba Vision) was tested at various disinfection times and compared between various genotypes and Type III secretion (T3S) system mutants.ResultsOf the 1152 cosCLs collected, 364 were culture positive (32%). The highest rate of culture-positive lens was hilafilcon (chi square, P = 0.0001). Hilafilcon also had a significantly greater number of isolates than etafilcon (P < 0.0001). Hilafilcon was the only lens to fail the rub-off test. Cytotoxic strains were significant more resistant to Renu Fresh than were invasive strains, even at 100% of recommended disinfection time (P = 0.0005). Of the tested disinfectants, Renu Fresh was significantly less effective in killing both genotypes of P. aeruginosa compared to AoSept Plus at all time points (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% recommended disinfection time, P = 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0005, and 0.0005, respectively). When the T3S system was dysfunctional, mutant strains were all susceptible to disinfectants (P = 0.0001 for both invasive and cytotoxic strains).ConclusionPseudomonas species is commonly found on cosCLs of asymptomatic individuals. Wearers of cosCLs that dislodge pigments may be predisposed to microbial contamination. Cytotoxic strains are more resistant to disinfectant solutions, especially to Renu Fresh. P. aeruginosa disinfectant resistance requires a functional T3S system. 相似文献